The great schism
Great schism also known as east west schism is when the catholic Roman church divided to two parts eastern(Greece)and westerns (Latin in 1054 and they are known with names of the eastern orthodox and the Rome catholic church . and they had so much differences in the ideology of Christianity and that caused a bad relationship between them .As a result of the Great Schism, many political and theological thinkers began to call for reforms in the Church. These reforms movements came in two forms:
Political Reformers: Marsiglio of Padua (who wrote the book "Defender of Peace") became one of a chorus of thinkers who called for a division between Church and State, a concept that would presage the Enlightenment (and then come to fruition during the Enlightenment). In a more practical and immediate sense, however, Marsiglio and thinkers like him were arguing that the Medieval world view of a Europe united by—and under the power of—the Church was at an end.
Spiritual Reformers: Other reformers took the Church to task for what they perceived to be spiritual shortcomings. Some argued that the leaders of the Church had become more interested in riches and luxury than salvation; others argued that the Church was too interested in politics; still others pointed to moral scandals among the clergy (including marriage, children out of wedlock, and lack of celibacy). An early voice for spiritual reform was John Wycliffe, an English university teacher and theologian. In the latter half of the 14th century he called for reforms in the Church:
a. Called for a personal relationship with God.
b. Said that the Bible is the ultimate authority, not the Church.
c. Called for translation of the Bible into the vernacular.
d. Said the Church was not the only path to salvation.
e. Denounced the wealth of the Church and called for a return to spiritual purity and material poverty.
f. Denounced Church hierarchy as being unnecessary and wrong.
g. Denied the Sacramental powers of Priests (that they could change wine into blood and bread into the body of Christ).
Not surprisingly, Wycliffe’s(I have a seperated page for john wycliffe) teachings were declared heretical and he was excommunicated. Many of his followers—a teaching order of priests called the Lollards—were burned at the stake.
But the damage had been done—thinkers like Wycliffe and Marsiglio became early forerunners of the ultimate impact of the Great Scgism: Protestant Reformation (which would burst upon Europe with Martin Luther in 1500).
Political Reformers: Marsiglio of Padua (who wrote the book "Defender of Peace") became one of a chorus of thinkers who called for a division between Church and State, a concept that would presage the Enlightenment (and then come to fruition during the Enlightenment). In a more practical and immediate sense, however, Marsiglio and thinkers like him were arguing that the Medieval world view of a Europe united by—and under the power of—the Church was at an end.
Spiritual Reformers: Other reformers took the Church to task for what they perceived to be spiritual shortcomings. Some argued that the leaders of the Church had become more interested in riches and luxury than salvation; others argued that the Church was too interested in politics; still others pointed to moral scandals among the clergy (including marriage, children out of wedlock, and lack of celibacy). An early voice for spiritual reform was John Wycliffe, an English university teacher and theologian. In the latter half of the 14th century he called for reforms in the Church:
a. Called for a personal relationship with God.
b. Said that the Bible is the ultimate authority, not the Church.
c. Called for translation of the Bible into the vernacular.
d. Said the Church was not the only path to salvation.
e. Denounced the wealth of the Church and called for a return to spiritual purity and material poverty.
f. Denounced Church hierarchy as being unnecessary and wrong.
g. Denied the Sacramental powers of Priests (that they could change wine into blood and bread into the body of Christ).
Not surprisingly, Wycliffe’s(I have a seperated page for john wycliffe) teachings were declared heretical and he was excommunicated. Many of his followers—a teaching order of priests called the Lollards—were burned at the stake.
But the damage had been done—thinkers like Wycliffe and Marsiglio became early forerunners of the ultimate impact of the Great Scgism: Protestant Reformation (which would burst upon Europe with Martin Luther in 1500).